November 12, 1938
Göring Imposes an Atonement Fine after the November Pogrom
Historical context
On this day, November 12, 1938, Hermann Göring imposed a one-billion-Reichsmark fine on German Jews after the November pogrom.
Archive record
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- Date
- November 12, 1938
- Verified sources
- 1
- Archive threads
- 4
On this day, Hermann Göring met with Nazi ministers after the 9–10 November pogrom. USHMM records that he announced orders from Hitler: German Jews would pay a fine of one billion Reichsmarks, called an atonement payment; Jewish owners would have to pay for the repairs; and insurance money for the damage would go to the Reich.
The fine treated the victims as the responsible party. It did not change who had organized the violence. The regime then issued further decrees removing Jews from most of economic life.
Research trail
Sources and further reading
- Kristallnacht · United States Holocaust Memorial Museum · Holocaust Encyclopedia View source
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