HistoryApril 19, 1943
Bermuda Conference on Refugees Opens
On this day, April 19, 1943, British and American delegates opened a closed conference in Bermuda on wartime refugees. It produced no rescue program.
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HistoryApril 19, 1943
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Begins
On this day, April 19, 1943, the first night of Passover, Jewish fighters in the Warsaw ghetto opened fire as German forces entered for the final deportation.
HistoryAugust 1941
Romania Orders Jews to Wear the Yellow Star
In August 1941, Mihai Antonescu ordered Jews in Romania to wear the yellow star. The order was revoked on 9 September 1941.
HistoryFebruary 8, 1940
Order Establishes the Łódź Ghetto
On this day, February 8, 1940, German authorities in Łódź ordered Jews into a ghetto. The ghetto was sealed on May 1.
HistoryOctober 8, 1939
Nazis Establish the Piotrków Ghetto
On this day, October 8, 1939, German authorities ordered a ghetto in Piotrków Trybunalski, the first ghetto in occupied Poland.
HistoryOctober 14, 1943
Prisoners Revolt at Sobibor
On this day, October 14, 1943, prisoners at Sobibor killed members of the SS staff and about 300 broke out of the camp.
HistoryAugust 16, 1943
Białystok Ghetto Uprising Begins
On this day, August 16, 1943, Jewish fighters in the Białystok ghetto rose as German forces began the final liquidation. The revolt was the second-largest ghetto uprising after Warsaw.
HistoryAugust 1, 1943
The Final Liquidation of the Będzin Ghetto Begins
On 1 August 1943, German forces began the final liquidation of the Będzin ghetto. Armed resistance slowed the clearance.
HistoryMarch 17, 1942
Deportations from Lublin to Bełżec Begin
On this day, March 17, 1942, German authorities began mass deportations from the Lublin ghetto to the Bełżec killing center.
HistoryDecember 11, 1941
Hitler Declares War on the United States
On this day, December 11, 1941, Germany declared war on the United States, four days after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
HistoryJune 22, 1941
Germany Invades the Soviet Union
On this day, June 22, 1941, Germany launched Operation Barbarossa. More than three million German soldiers, with allied troops, attacked across a front from the Baltic to the Black Sea.
History29–30 April 1945
Soviet Forces Liberate Ravensbrück
Soviet forces liberated Ravensbrück on 29–30 April 1945. Remaining SS guards fled on the 29th; the Red Army vanguard arrived on the 30th.