HistoryJuly 1941
Nazis Establish the Minsk Ghetto
In late July 1941, German authorities established a ghetto in Minsk. About 80,000 Jews, including people from nearby towns, were crowded into the northwestern quarter.
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History21–23 January 1941
Bucharest Pogrom Begins
On 21–23 January 1941, during the Legionary rebellion against Ion Antonescu, Iron Guard members murdered more than 120 Jews in Bucharest.
HistoryApril 11, 1945
U.S. Troops Liberate Buchenwald
On this day, April 11, 1945, U.S. troops reached Buchenwald after prisoners seized control of the camp as the SS fled.
HistoryFebruary 18, 1943
Japan Designates a Restricted Zone in Shanghai
On this day, February 18, 1943, Japanese authorities in occupied Shanghai ordered stateless refugees, most of them Jews, into a designated area of Hongkou.
History26–28 August 1941
Massacre at Kamianets-Podilskyi
On 26–28 August 1941, SS and police units under Friedrich Jeckeln murdered 23,600 Jews near Kamianets-Podilskyi. More than half were deportees from Hungary.
HistoryAugust 20, 1941
Drancy Internment Camp Opens
On this day, August 20, 1941, French police interned thousands of Jewish men arrested in Paris at Drancy, opening the camp that later became the main transit point for deportations from France.
HistoryFebruary 25, 1941–February 26, 1941
The February Strike Shuts Down Amsterdam
On 25 and 26 February 1941, Amsterdam stopped work to protest the German roundup of Jews.
HistoryNovember 23, 1939
Hans Frank Orders Jews in the General Government to Wear Armbands
On this day, November 23, 1939, Hans Frank ordered Jews in the General Government over the age of ten to wear a white armband with a blue Star of David.
HistoryApril 15, 1945
British Troops Liberate Bergen-Belsen
On this day, April 15, 1945, British troops entered Bergen-Belsen and found tens of thousands of prisoners, many dying of typhus and starvation.
HistoryFebruary 13, 1945
Soviet Forces Liberate Gross-Rosen
On this day, February 13, 1945, Soviet forces liberated the main Gross-Rosen concentration camp after the SS had evacuated most prisoners.
HistoryJanuary 27, 1945
Soviet Troops Liberate Auschwitz
On this day, January 27, 1945, Soviet troops entered the Auschwitz camp complex and found about 7,000 remaining prisoners.
History1–2 October 1943
German Police Begin Arresting Danish Jews
On the night of October 1–2, 1943, German police began arresting Jews in Denmark. Most escaped to Sweden after being warned.