Monday, October 5, 2026
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November 12, 1938
On this day, November 12, 1938, Hermann Göring imposed a one-billion-Reichsmark fine on German Jews after the November pogrom.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
November 9, 1938–November 10, 1938
On the night of 9–10 November 1938, Nazi leaders unleashed the November pogrom, known as Kristallnacht, across Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
after November 1938
After November 1938, Jewish refugees from Germany and Austria began reaching Shanghai in large numbers. The movement followed Kristallnacht and is not dated as a single landing day.
Holocaust · Antisemitism · World War II
Asia
October 27, 1938
On this day, October 27, 1938, the Reich Security Main Office ordered the arrest of Jews with Polish passports. About 17,000 were expelled over the next two days.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
September 29, 1938–September 30, 1938
During the night of September 29, 1938, Germany, Britain, France, and Italy signed the Munich Agreement. Czechoslovakia was not a party.
Europe
August 20, 1938
On this day, August 20, 1938, the Central Office for Jewish Emigration opened in Vienna. It became the model for later forced-emigration and deportation offices.
Holocaust · Antisemitism · World War II
Europe
August 8, 1938
On this day, August 8, 1938, the SS transferred the first prisoners from Dachau to Mauthausen and forced them to build the camp.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
July 6, 1938
On this day, July 6, 1938, delegates from 32 countries opened the Evian Conference. Most refused to take more Jewish refugees. Only the Dominican Republic offered to accept additional arrivals.
Holocaust · Antisemitism · World War II
Europe
May 29, 1938
On this day, May 29, 1938, Hungary promulgated Act XV, the First Jewish Law, capping Jews at 20 percent of specified professions and firms.
Europe
March 13, 1938
On this day, March 13, 1938, Germany annexed Austria, one day after German troops entered the country.
Antisemitism · World War II · Holocaust
Europe
February 4, 1938
On this day, February 4, 1938, Adolf Hitler dismissed the war minister and army commander and created the High Command of the Armed Forces under his personal authority.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
July 15, 1937
On this day, July 15, 1937, the SS opened Buchenwald near Weimar. The first prisoners arrived that day from Sachsenhausen.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
