July 12, 1936
Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp Opens
On this day, July 12, 1936, the SS transferred 50 prisoners from Esterwegen to begin building Sachsenhausen, the principal camp for the Berlin area.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
Monday, October 5, 2026
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December 10, 1934
Himmler Establishes the Inspectorate of Concentration Camps
On this day, December 10, 1934, Heinrich Himmler established the Inspectorate of Concentration Camps under Theodor Eicke.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
August 19, 1934
German Referendum Approves Hitler as Führer
On this day, August 19, 1934, a German referendum approved Adolf Hitler’s combination of the offices of president and chancellor under the title Führer.
Holocaust · Antisemitism · World War II
Europe
May 10, 1933
Nazi Student Groups Burn Books Across Germany
On this day, May 10, 1933, pro-Nazi university students burned books they called “un-German,” including works by Jewish, pacifist, and leftist authors.
Europe
April 26, 1933
Göring Establishes the Prussian Gestapo
On this day, April 26, 1933, Hermann Göring promulgated the Prussian law creating the Secret State Police Office, later known as the Gestapo.
Europe
April 7, 1933
Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service
On this day, April 7, 1933, the German government issued the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, excluding most Jews from state employment.
Europe
April 1, 1933
Nazis Boycott Jewish Businesses in Germany
On this day, April 1, 1933, Nazi stormtroopers stood outside Jewish-owned shops across Germany in a one-day national boycott.
Europe
January 30, 1933
Hitler Is Appointed Chancellor of Germany
On this day, January 30, 1933, President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Adolf Hitler chancellor of Germany.
Europe
1923
Salamo Arouch Is Born
Salamo Arouch, later forced to box at Auschwitz, was born in Thessaloniki in 1923. The exact day is not confirmed.
Holocaust · Antisemitism · World War II · Jews in Sport
Europe
December 11, 1922
Frank Blaichman Is Born
On this day, December 11, 1922, Frank Blaichman was born in Kamionka, Poland. He later commanded a Jewish partisan unit.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism
Europe
November 28, 1919
Faye Schulman Is Born
On this day, November 28, 1919, Faye Schulman was born in Lenin. She later photographed Jewish partisan life in Eastern Europe.
World War II · Holocaust · Antisemitism
Europe
August 24, 1919
Tosia Altman Is Born
On this day, August 24, 1919, Tosia Altman was born in Lipno. She later served as a Hashomer Hatzair courier during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. Some records give 1918.
Holocaust · World War II · Antisemitism · Zionism
Europe