HistoryFebruary 9, 1943
Zofia Yamaika Dies Covering a Partisan Retreat
On this day, February 9, 1943, Zofia Yamaika was killed near Radom while covering her partisan unit’s retreat from a German attack.
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History13–14 July 1942
Nazis Liquidate the Rivne Ghetto
On 13–14 July 1942, German SS and Ukrainian police cleared the remaining Rivne ghetto. About 5,000 Jews were taken to the forest near Kostopil and shot.
HistoryMay 21, 1942
First Roundup Begins in the Chełm Ghetto
On this day, May 21, 1942, the eve of Shavuot, the first roundup of Jews in the Chełm ghetto began. The Aktion lasted through May 23.
HistoryJuly 1940
Nazis Establish the Będzin Ghetto
In July 1940, German authorities announced a ghetto for Jews in Będzin. The quarter was not sealed at once. German forces liquidated it in August 1943.
HistoryAugust 2, 1943
Prisoners Revolt at Treblinka
On this day, August 2, 1943, Jewish prisoners at the Treblinka killing center seized weapons and tried to break out. USHMM records that more than 300 escaped; German forces later recaptured and killed about two-thirds of them.
HistoryJuly 22, 1942
Warsaw Ghetto Grossaktion Begins
On this day, July 22, 1942, German SS and police began mass deportations from the Warsaw ghetto to Treblinka. About 265,000 Jews were deported by September.
HistoryDecember 27, 1941–January 7, 1942
The Kharkiv Ghetto Is Liquidated
From 27 December 1941 to 7 January 1942, the Kharkiv ghetto was emptied and its people were killed at Drobytsky Yar.
HistoryJuly 1941
Nazis Establish the Minsk Ghetto
In late July 1941, German authorities established a ghetto in Minsk. About 80,000 Jews, including people from nearby towns, were crowded into the northwestern quarter.
History21–23 January 1941
Bucharest Pogrom Begins
On 21–23 January 1941, during the Legionary rebellion against Ion Antonescu, Iron Guard members murdered more than 120 Jews in Bucharest.
HistoryJuly 3, 1904
Theodor Herzl Dies
On July 3, 1904, Theodor Herzl died at Edlach in Lower Austria. He was 44.
HistoryJanuary 23, 1639
Francisco Maldonado da Silva Is Burned in Lima
On January 23, 1639, the physician Francisco Maldonado da Silva was burned at the stake in Lima.
HistoryApril 11, 1945
U.S. Troops Liberate Buchenwald
On this day, April 11, 1945, U.S. troops reached Buchenwald after prisoners seized control of the camp as the SS fled.